- A. R. Khalife, et al., — SPT-3G D1: Axion Early Dark Energy with CMB experiments and DESI
- We present the most up-to-date constraints on axion early dark energy (AEDE)
from cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO)
measurements. In particular, we assess the impact of data from ground-based CMB
experiments, the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope
(ACT) -- both with and without $Planck$ -- on constraints on AEDE. We also
highlight the impact that BAO information from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic
Instrument (DESI) has on these constraints. From CMB data alone, we do not find
statistically significant evidence for the presence of AEDE, and we find only
moderate reduction in the Hubble tension. From the latest SPT data alone, we
find the maximal fractional contribution of AEDE to the cosmic energy budget is
$f_{\rm EDE}\,<\,0.12$ at $95\,$% confidence level (CL), and the Hubble tension
between the SPT and SH0ES results is reduced to the $2.3\,\sigma$ level. When
combining the latest SPT, ACT, and $Planck$ datasets, we find $f_{\rm
EDE}\,<\,0.091$ at $95\,$% CL and the Hubble tension at the $3.3\, \sigma$
level. In contrast, adding DESI data to the CMB datasets results in mild
preference for AEDE and, in some cases, non-negligible reduction in the Hubble
tension. From SPT+DESI, we find $f_{\rm EDE}\,=\,0.081^{+0.037}_{-0.052}$ at
$68\,$% CL, and the Hubble tension reduces to $1.5\,\sigma$. From the
combination of DESI with all three CMB experiments, we get $f_{\rm EDE}\,=\,
0.071^{+0.035}_{-0.038}$ at $68\,$% CL and a weak preference for AEDE over
$\Lambda$CDM. This data combination, in turn, reduces the Hubble tension to
$2.3\, \sigma$. We highlight that this shift in parameters when adding the DESI
dataset is a manifestation of the discrepancy currently present between DESI
and CMB experiments in the concordance model $\Lambda$CDM.
- E. Camphuis, et al., — SPT-3G D1: CMB temperature and polarization power spectra and cosmology
from 2019 and 2020 observations of the SPT-3G Main field
- We present measurements of the temperature and E-mode polarization angular
power spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from observations of 4%
of the sky with SPT-3G, the current camera on the South Pole Telescope (SPT).
The maps used in this analysis are the deepest used in a CMB TT/TE/EE analysis
to date. The maps and resulting power spectra have been validated through blind
and unblind tests. The measurements of the lensed EE and TE spectra are the
most precise to date at l=1800-4000 and l=2200-4000, respectively. Combining
our TT/TE/EE spectra with previously published SPT-3G CMB lensing results, we
find parameters for the standard LCDM model consistent with Planck and ACT-DR6
with comparable constraining power. We report a Hubble constant of
$H_0=66.66\pm0.60$ km/s/Mpc from SPT-3G alone, 6.2 sigma away from local
measurements from SH0ES. For the first time, combined ground-based (SPT+ACT)
CMB primary and lensing data have reached Planck's constraining power on some
parameters, a milestone for CMB cosmology. The combination of these three CMB
experiments yields the tightest CMB constraints to date, with
$H_0=67.24\pm0.35$ km/s/Mpc, and the amplitude of clustering
$\sigma_8=0.8137\pm0.0038$. CMB data alone show no evidence for physics beyond
LCDM; however, we observe a 2.8 sigma difference in LCDM between CMB and baryon
acoustic oscillation (BAO) results from DESI-DR2, which is relaxed in extended
models. The combination of CMB and BAO yields 2-3 sigma shifts from LCDM in the
curvature of the universe, the amplitude of CMB lensing, or the dark energy
equation of state. It also drives mild preferences for models that address the
Hubble tension through modified recombination or variations in the electron
mass in a non-flat universe. This work highlights the growing power of
ground-based CMB experiments and lays a foundation for further cosmological
analyses with SPT-3G.
- M. Archipley, et al., — Millimeter-wave observations of Euclid Deep Field South using the South
Pole Telescope: A data release of temperature maps and catalogs
- Context. The South Pole Telescope third-generation camera (SPT-3G) has
observed over 10,000 square degrees of sky at 95, 150, and 220 GHz (3.3, 2.0,
1.4 mm, respectively) overlapping the ongoing 14,000 square-degree Euclid Wide
Survey. The Euclid collaboration recently released Euclid Deep Field
observations in the first quick data release (Q1). Aims. With the goal of
releasing complementary millimeter-wave data and encouraging legacy science, we
performed dedicated observations of a 57-square-degree field overlapping the
Euclid Deep Field South (EDF-S). Methods. The observing time totaled 20 days
and we reached noise depths of 4.3, 3.8, and 13.2 $\mu$K-arcmin at 95, 150, and
220 GHz, respectively. Results. In this work we present the temperature maps
and two catalogs constructed from these data. The emissive source catalog
contains 601 objects (334 inside EDF-S) with 54% synchrotron-dominated sources
and 46% thermal dust emission-dominated sources. The 5$\sigma$ detection
thresholds are 1.7, 2.0, and 6.5 mJy in the three bands. The cluster catalog
contains 217 cluster candidates (121 inside EDF-S) with median mass
$M_{500c}=2.12 \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}/h_{70}$ and median redshift $z$ = 0.70,
corresponding to an order-of-magnitude improvement in cluster density over
previous tSZ-selected catalogs in this region (3.81 clusters per square
degree). Conclusions. The overlap between SPT and Euclid data will enable a
range of multiwavelength studies of the aforementioned source populations. This
work serves as the first step towards joint projects between SPT and Euclid and
provides a rich dataset containing information on galaxies, clusters, and their
environments.