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Program Manager:
Dr
Chris Pakes
Aims:
Our aim is the study of charge and spin-related effects that may influence
the development of solid-state quantum computer architectures.
- To make use of scanning probes to explore oxide electrostatics
on the nanoscale, and at the single charge-trap level.
- To develop techniques for the fabrication of a nanoscale Superconducting Quantum Interference
Device (SQUID), sufficiently sensitive for single-spin measurement.
- To study isolated nanoscale magnetic particles, which may have application
in developing spin-based quantum computer technology.
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Research
Topics:
Mesoscopic superconductivity:
Atomic scale superconducting electronics.
Fabrication of
a nanoscale Superconducting Quantum Interference Device
(SQUID), sufficiently sensitive for single-spin measurement.
Nanoscale oxide electrostatics:
     Investigation of
quasi-breakdown fluctuations and charge noise in SiO2 on the nanoscale, and at the single charge-trap level.
Catastrophic oxide breakdown induced by
hot electron injection.
Scanning Kelvin Microscopy (SKM)
imaging of sub-surface dopants and charge centres induced by ion
implantation.
Protein spintronics:
Study of
isolated nanoscale magnetic particles, which may have
application in developing spin-based quantum computer
technology.
Imaging and manipulation of
isolated surface-trapped ferritin.
Electrical and magnetic properties of isolated ferritin particles.
Polymer nanoscience:
Development of
surface-resist technology to allow the registration of single
implanted ions.
Atomic-scale properties of ion-modified polymers.
Electronic and magnetic properties of ion-modified polymers.
Atomic scale charge measurement.
Measurement of charge in surfaces and mesoscopic systems.
Single atom electronic devices.
Underpinning scanning-probe microscopy and nanofabrication:
Carbon nanotube AFM imaging of high aspect ratio
structures relevant to the fabrication of a Kane
device.
Nanofabrication by AFM-induced local anodic oxidation.
Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD):
Modelling Si quantum architecture fabrication and operation processes.
Modelling SKM-based charge measurement.
Recent
Publications:
J.Y. Sze, C.I. Pakes, B.K. Tay, D.N. Jamieson, and S. Prawer,
“Conducting Ni nanoparticles in an ion-modified polymer”,
submitted to Appl.Phys.Lett. (2005).
M.D.H. Lay, C.I. Pakes and J.C. McCallum,
“Kelvin-probe Force Microscopy defect study of ion-implanted thermal oxide thin films on Silicon”,
submitted to IEEE Proceedings of the 2004 Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices, Brisbane, Australia.
V. Millar, C.I. Pakes, S. Prawer, B. Rout, and D.N. Jamieson
“Thin-film resists for registration of single ion impacts”,
Nanotechnology, in press (2005).
C.I. Pakes, S. Ramelow, S. Prawer and D.N. Jamieson,
“Nanoscale electrical characterisation of trap-assisted quasi-breakdown fluctuations in SiO2”,
Appl.Phys.Lett., 84, 3142 (2004).
C.I. Pakes, D.P. George, S. Ramelow, A. Cimmino, D.N. Jamieson, S. Prawer,
“Manipulation of single magnetic protein particles using atomic force microscopy”,
J.Mag.Magn.Mat., 272-276s, E1232 (2004).
C.I. Pakes, D.P. George, C.J. Yang, D.N. Jamieson, A.S. Dzurak, R.G. Clark,
“Technology computer-aided design Modelling of Single-atom Doping for Fabrication of Buried Nanostructures”,
Nanotechnology, 14, 157 (2003).
C.I. Pakes, V. Conrad, J.C. Ang, F. Green, A.S. Dzurak, L.C.L. Hollenberg, D.N. Jamieson and R.G. Clark,
“Modelling Single-electron-transistor-based Readout in the Kane Solid-State Quantum Computer”,
Nanotechnology, 14, 161 (2003).
C.I. Pakes, C.J. Wellard, D.N. Jamieson, L.C.L. Hollenberg, S. Prawer, A.S. Dzurak, A.R. Hamilton and R.G. Clark,
“Modelling of electrostatic gate operations in the Kane solid state quantum computer”,
Microelectronics Journal, 33, 1053 (2002).
V. Millar, C.I. Pakes, A. Cimmino, D. Brett, D.N. Jamieson, S. Prawer, A.S. Dzurak, R.P. McKinnon and R.G. Clark,
“Nanoscale fabrication using single-ion impacts”,
Smart Materials and Structures, 11, 686 (2002).
C.I. Pakes, D.N. Jamieson, S. Prawer, P.W. Josephs-Franks and R.P. Reed,
“DC SQUID devices for NMR in phosphorous-implanted silicon”, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Experimental Implementation of Quantum Computation, R.G. Clark, Ed.,
Rinton Press (Princeton, USA), 331 (2002). ISBN: 1-58949-013-4.
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Recent
Presentations
Looking
for Single Ion Impacts in PMMA
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Facilities
Scanning Probe Microscopes:
Jeol
4500 UHV
AFM/STM Scanning Probe System
Jeol 4200
Scanning Probe Microscope
SMENA Scanning Probe Microscope
Nano-fabrication:
Crossed-beam Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Surface deposition and analysis:
UHV Auger, XPS, SEM and SAM
UHV dual-source electron-beam evaporator
UHV Hydrogen cracker
Electrical Characterisation:
4K low noise STAR Cryoelectronics measurement system
Modelling:
ISE Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD)
Computer
System
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Research
Students
Postgraduate:
Matt Lay (PhD):
Scanning Kelvin microscopy of 31P-implantation induced charge
traps (PhD)
Victoria
Millar (MSc 2003) : Development and application of single-ion
resists (MSc)
Graduate:
Michael Popper (2003):
FIB-based fabrication of a Nb SQUID
International/visiting:
Giuseppe Tettamanzi:
Atomic scale superconducting electronics
Jia Yin Sze (NTU):
Conductivity in ion-modified polymers
Sven Ramelow (2003):
Nanoscale study of oxide electrostatics
Undergraduate:
Amy Dowler (2004): UV laser annealing of
magnetic proteins
Warren Volk-Makarewicz (2004): Scanning Kelvin microscopy of buried dopants
Damien George (2003):
Manipulation of surface-trapped magnetic protein particles
Fern Ho (2003): Nb
lithography using probe-induced anodic oxidation
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Collaborating University of Melbourne Staff
Dr Alberto Cimmino
Prof Steven Prawer
Assoc Prof David Jamieson
Dr Jeff McCallum
Dr Sergey Rubinov
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Collaborating
Researchers
Prof Robert Clark, A/Prof Andrew Dzurak, Prof Michelle Simmons
A/Prof Alex Hamilton (UNSW, Australia)
Dr Marilyn Hawley
(Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA)
Dr John Gallop and Dr Patrick Joseph-Franks (NPL, UK)
A/Prof Beng Kang Tay and A/Prof Daniel Lau (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
Nicole Gorham (University of Western Australia)
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Education
Undergraduate lectures:
640-161 Physics: Principles and applications
Honours lectures:
Condensed Matter Physics
Lectures for schools:
Superconductor: magnetic powers
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